The Word Class of Hiligaynon

an essay by Roger B Rueda

Hiligaynon, like English, has its own word class, too, as it has its own lantipúlong (grammar). A word class is a linguistic category of words (or more precisely lexical items), which is generally defined by the syntactic behaviour of the lexical item in question. Common linguistic categories in Hiligaynon include -.

Panghingalan, A word or group of words used as the name of a class of people, places, or things, or of a specific person, place, or thing. [basúra, hinúnlan, tiíl, váso]

Pamaylo, A word that substitutes for a noun or a noun phrase. [akó, kamí, kitá,silá]

Pangligsi, A word used to show that an action is taking place or to indicate the existence of a state or condition, or the part of speech to which such a word belongs. [híwat, dalágan, hálab, káon, tanók, tíg-ab]

Paminig, A word that modifies a noun or pronoun. [buláhan, maáslum, mamíngaw]

Pangupud, A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. [sing +paminig]

Pangasoy, A word that expresses a relation between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. [sa+gwâ, sa+ibábaw, sa+idálum, sa+likód]

Pangangot, A word that connects individual words or groups of words. [ápang, gánì, kag, ukón]

Panabid, A word that connects an adjective and a noun, a noun and another noun. [nga, sing, sang]

Pangabaw, An exclamatory word that expresses emotions. [anggóy, áo, ba, hóy, kanógon]

Panghinúgang, A word or a part of a word which has a grammatical purpose but often has little or no meaning. [ábi, balá, bayâ, da]

Pangúna, A determiner. [ang, si]